Behaviorism is based on the idea that knowledge is:

Behaviorism posits that knowledge is independent and external to the learner, emphasizing that learning results from direct interaction with the environment rather than internal mental processes. This framework suggests that knowledge can be objectively measured and is often transmitted from an educator to a student through explicit instruction. In behaviorism, the focus is on observable behavior and the responses to stimuli, reinforcing the notion that knowledge does not inherently reside within the learner but is instead a result of external influences.

This perspective contrasts with other educational theories that stress the importance of social interactions, personal experiences, and reflection in constructing understanding. For instance, social constructivism emphasizes collaboration and dialogue among learners, while experiential learning highlights the significance of personal encounters in knowledge formation.